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Colon Cancer
Colon cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the large intestine (colon), usually developing from small growths called polyps. It is one of the most common cancers but is highly treatable when detected early.
Common Symptoms
- Persistent changes in bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation)
- Blood in the stool
- Abdominal pain or cramping
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue or weakness
- Feeling that the bowel does not empty completely
- Narrow or ribbon-like stools
Diagnosis
Doctors may use the following tests to diagnose colon cancer:
- Physical examination and medical history
- Colonoscopy
- Biopsy of suspicious tissue
- Stool tests
- CT scan or MRI
- Blood tests, including tumor markers
Treatments
Treatment depends on the stage and spread of the cancer:
- Surgery to remove the tumor
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy (more common for rectal cancer)
- Targeted therapy
- Immunotherapy
- Palliative care for advanced stages