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Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Smoking is the major risk factor, though non-smokers can also develop lung cancer.

Common Symptoms

Symptoms may not appear early, but common signs include:

  • Persistent cough
  • Coughing up blood
  • Chest pain
  • Shortness of breath
  • Wheezing
  • Hoarseness
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Fatigue
  • Repeated lung infections such as pneumonia or bronchitis

Diagnosis

Doctors may use the following tests to diagnose lung cancer:

  • Physical examination and medical history
  • Chest X-ray
  • CT scan
  • PET scan
  • Sputum cytology
  • Bronchoscopy
  • Needle biopsy or tissue biopsy
  • Blood tests

Treatments

Treatment depends on the type and stage of lung cancer:

  • Surgery
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation therapy
  • Targeted therapy
  • Immunotherapy
  • Palliative care for symptom management